We intend in this paper to outline one part of the number theory genesis relatively to the equation: a square plus/minus a number equals a square focusing on the Arabic mathematicians’ works, like, for example, those of al-Khazin, Ibn al-Laith, al-Karaji, al-Baghdadi and al-Khallat. We will then briefly describe the occidental tradition relative to his subject threw the works of Fibonacci, Fermat, Frenecle, Euler, and others.

Auteurs : Khaled Kchir, Saif-Eddin Toumi, Foued Nafti

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Today, the world is affected by a new concept of war called terrorism. As plans to face conventional enemies have become unusual against terrorism, there are a necessity for innovative concepts and technologies. In order to support units,  we aim to upgrade the capability of leaders structuring their choices. In this paper, we offer a multi-agent architecture for the planning of actions against terrorist attacks. It is distinguished by decisive policy responses and methodical procedures for managing the situation, as well as by the flexibility to adapt a contingency scenario. We describe the relationship between actors during a terrorist attack in order to establish the best possible distribution of units to  neutralize the enemy.

Auteurs : Oussama Kebir, Issam Nouaouri, Mouna Belhaj, Lamjed Ben Said, Kamel Akrout

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Through this study, we propose an overview of two decades of research on Strategic Environmental Scanning (ESS) and competitive intelligence (CI) in Tunisia. A particular attention is given to Scientific and Technical Scanning (STS) as part of SES practices and as a strong support to R&D activity and  trigger of innovation. The objective of this work is to fill a gap faced by academic researchers interested in issues related to this field of research. The scarcity of meta-analyses within the literature review and retrospective studies could be an obstacle to the cumulative nature of the research and the
capitalization of actionable knowledge from the various investigations.

Auteurs : Souad Kamoun Chouk, Maroua Hammami

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Different diffusion tools within collaborative networks provide to researchers more and recent information.

In this paper, we focus on the scientific quality of diffused information and discuss the implications of this tendency for scientific performance. We propose a qualitative scientific watch system enriched by an alerts’ personalization and cartographic visualization tools.

The proposed watch system is based on scientific quality evaluation in its different parts. Scientific quality evaluation is made by the mean of scientometric indicators to select qualitative new publications to diffuse to the
researchers. The integration of personalization tool helps researchers on identifying qualitative information which corresponds to their needs. Moreover, the cartographic visualization provides to the researchers the possibility of analyzing and choosing more quickly interesting and useful alerts.

Auteurs : Nedra Ibrahim, Anja Habacha Chaibi, Henda Ben Ghézala

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Differential Evolution (DE) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are two evolutionary algorithms that confirmed their efficiency in resolving complex problems. In this paper, we intend to adopt these algorithms to resolve a complex inventory management problem, known in the literature by the transshipment problem.

This problem concerns network of collaborative retailers selling items and they collaborate by exchanging items between them.

The transshipment problem consists in deriving the optimal replenishment
quantity, for each retailer, while a transshipment policy is adopted.

A huge body of literature works has addressed this problem where several configurations are investigated. A few of them has addressed the multi-
item and the multi-location configuration because of its complexity. We focus in this paper on this complex configuration and we resolve it by the PSO and DE algorithms. Secondly, we compare between the performances of these algorithms according to a set of criteria. Thirdly, we analysis the impact of the studied transshipment parameters on the inventory system performance measures.

Auteurs : Noomen Selmi , Mohamed Hmiden , Lamjed Ben Said

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This article presents the results obtained in applying an innovative and optimized approach to textual semantic analysis inthe service of decision-making.

Significant improvements have been made in the existing procedures of sentiment andrecommendation analysis, and in opinions mining, to enable better-motivated decisions and benefit from big data.

These improvements concerned, especially, the support of the notions of aspects, attention and subjectivity to lighten the treatments, well adapted in the context of big data. The results obtained show the interesting contribution of the approachto the specific field of business intelligence (BI) relative to user behaviors analysis.

Auteur : Hammou FADILI
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In the Internet age where the information flow has grown rapidly, there is an increase in digital communication. The spread of hatred that was previously limited to verbal communications has quickly moved over the Internet. Social media and community forums that allow people to discuss and express their opinions are becoming platforms for the dissemination of hate messages. Many countries have developed laws to prevent online hate speech.

They hold thecompanies that run the social media responsible for their failure to remove hate speech. However, manual analysis of hate speech on online platforms is infeasible due to the huge amount of data as it is expensive and time consuming. Thus, it is important to automatically process the online user contents to detect and remove hate speech from online media.

Through this work, we propose some solutions for the problem of automatic detection of hate messages. We perform hate speech classification using embedding representations of words and Deep Neural Networks (DNN).

We compare fastText and BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) embedding representations of words. Furthermore, we perform classification using two approaches: (a) using word embeddings as input to Support Vector Machines (SVM) and DNN-based classifiers; (b) fine-tuning of a BERT model for classification using a task-specific corpus.

Among the DNN-based classifiers, we compare Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bi-Directional Long Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) and Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN). The classification was performed on a Twitter dataset using three classes: hate, offensive and neither classes. Compared to the feature-based approaches, the BERT fine-tuning approach obtained a relative improvement of 16% in terms of macro-average F1-measure and 5.3% in terms of weighted F1-measure.

Auteurs : Ashwin Geet D’Sa, Irina Illina, Dominique Fohr

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Les classements des universités sont de plus en plus prisés depuis quelques années, et sont devenu incontournables pour plusieurs institutions gouvernementales, medias, universités. Ces derniers représentent un outil important d’évaluation de la qualité dans le secteur de l’enseignement supérieur. Plusieurs classements ont vu le jour ces dernières années, et se sont élargis et diversifiés par rapport aux différents critères et indicateurs de recherche, pour prendre une dimension mondiale. Dans cette étude, une description de quelques classements internationaux est donnée à savoir le classement de Shanghai, le classement du QS World University Rankings, le classement Webometrics, et enfin le classement SCImago Institutions Rankings. Ensuite, nous proposons une modeste tentative d’analyse des résultats obtenus par les établissements Algériens de l’enseignement supérieur dans le classement Webometrics, ainsi que le Scimago. Enfin, un ensemble de recommandations est suggéré afin d’améliorer le rang des institutions nationales dans les différents classements.

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L’émergence du web 2.0, dit web social apparaît comme un nouveau bouleversement majeur. Symbolisé par quelques applications phares, comme Youtube, Wikipedia, mySpace ou encore les blogs, le web 2.0 regroupe en réalité un ensemble de pratiques considérées comme nouvelles. Toutes sont basées sur le retour de l’usager au cœur des dynamiques de production et d’échange de contenu. Celui-ci peut désormais publier lui-même du contenu, mais aussi l’enrichir, le modifier et surtout le partager avec d’autres, au sein de réseaux ou de communautés…

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Le lien entre la performance des organisations, l’efficacité de leur Système d’Information et leur usage pertinent de l’information est définitivement établi. Tout comme les systèmes d’information, la qualité est au cœur des préoccupations des organisations performantes. La présente étude traite de l’adaptation d’une démarche qualité au système d’information de la direction générale des douanes (DGD). Elle est réalisé à partir d’une enquête effectuée auprès des responsables de cette institution.
La présentation du SI de la DGD et l’application de la méthode d’analyse SWOT ont permis de déterminer les forces (l’existence d’une structure chargée de la gestion du SI de la DGD et d’une réglementation appropriée à cette gestion) et les faiblesses (manque de personnel qualifié, absence d’une banque de données permettant l’accès centralisé aux informations) qui caractérisent la structuration et le fonctionnement du système d’information de la DGD.

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